International-Arbitration

Reforming Investor–State Dispute Settlement: A System in Transition

Investor–State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) has long been a cornerstone of international investment protection, designed to encourage cross-border investments by offering foreign investors a neutral forum to bring claims against host states. However, over the years, the system has faced increasing scrutiny over fairness, transparency, and its impact on national sovereignty. Today, ISDS reform has become one of the most critical …